What is a full-scale model used to test a design concept called?

A full-scale model used to test a design concept is known as a prototype. Prototypes serve as tangible representations of an idea, allowing designers and engineers to evaluate the functionality, performance, and usability of a product before it goes into production. This hands-on approach is critical for identifying design flaws, testing materials, and ensuring that the concept works as intended in real-world applications.

In contrast, a mockup generally refers to a more visual representation that highlights the design's aesthetics, focusing on appearance rather than functionality. While both serve important roles in the design process, only the prototype serves the specific purpose of testing the design concept at full scale.

The term "sample" is often used to denote a small, representative part or a selection taken from a larger whole, which does not encompass the full scope of testing a design concept. A blueprint, on the other hand, is a detailed technical drawing or a plan that conveys design specifications rather than being a physical model for testing.

Thus, the prototype's role as a physical test model sets it apart as crucial in verifying and refining design concepts.